On the histone acetyltransferase hMOF
نویسندگان
چکیده
.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 TIIVISTELMÄ .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 STRUCTURE OF CHROMATIN ..................................................................................................................... 9 BIOCHEMISTRY OF CHROMATIN ............................................................................................................. 12 CHROMATIN REMODELING ENZYMES........................................................................................................ 13 HISTONE VARIANTS .................................................................................................................................... 14 POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS ................................................................................................... 16 Acetylation-deacetylation as a charge switch .......................................................................................... 18 Is there a histone code? ............................................................................................................................. 19 Histone modifications as signal transductors........................................................................................... 21 HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASES ........................................................................................................... 23 STRUCTURE OF HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASES .................................................................................... 23 HAT FAMILIES ............................................................................................................................................ 24 B-HATS....................................................................................................................................................... 25 A-HATS ...................................................................................................................................................... 25 BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF HATS ........................................................................................................ 27 HISTONE ACETYLATION IN GENE REGULATION ........................................................................................ 27 Thinking globally........................................................................................................................................ 28 Acting locally .............................................................................................................................................. 30 DNA REPAIR ............................................................................................................................................... 31 DNA REPLICATION..................................................................................................................................... 34 RECOMBINATION ........................................................................................................................................ 35 HATS IN DEVELOPMENT AND DISEASE .................................................................................................. 37 LESSONS FROM MICE .................................................................................................................................. 37 CHROMATIN AND DISEASE.......................................................................................................................... 38 DOSAGE COMPENSATION AS A MODEL FOR CHROMATIN REGULATION ............................................ 40 MAMMALS: X = X(X)................................................................................................................................. 41 NEMATODES: X = 1⁄2XX............................................................................................................................. 42 FRUIT FLIES: 2X = XX ............................................................................................................................... 42 OTHER ORGANISMS: ??............................................................................................................................... 44 AIMS OF THE STUDY.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
منابع مشابه
Expression of hMOF, but not HDAC4, is responsible for the global histone H4K16 acetylation in gastric carcinoma.
Increasing evidence suggests that the alteration of global histone H4K16 acetylation (H4K16ac) may be involved in several types of cancer. It is known that the global histone H4K16ac level in cells is controlled by several enzymes including histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). We report in detail which particular enzyme is responsible for global reduction of histo...
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Human males absent on the first (hMOF), a human ortholog of the Drosophila MOF protein, is responsible for histone H4 lysine 16 (H4K16) acetylation in human cells. The depletion of hMOF leads to a global reduction in histone H4K16 acetylation in human cells, genomic instability, cell cycle defects, reduced transcription of certain genes, defective DNA damage repair and early embryonic lethality...
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BACKGROUND MYST1 (also known as hMOF), a member of the MYST family of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) as an epigenetic mark of active genes, is mainly responsible for histone H4K16 acetylation in the cells. Recent studies have shown that the abnormal gene expression of hMOF is involved in certain primary cancers. Here we examined the involvement of hMOF expression and histone H4K16 acetylatio...
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Loss of H4 lysine 16 (H4K16) acetylation was shown to be a common feature in human cancer. However, it remained unclear which enzyme is responsible for the loss of this modification. Having recently identified the histone acetyltransferase human MOF (hMOF) to be required for bulk H4K16 acetylation, here we examined the involvement of hMOF expression and H4K16 acetylation in breast cancer and me...
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